Fractures around the knee 

The fractures are significant injuries that can affect the femur, tibia and patella. The method in which they are treated depends on where they are located, how serious they are, and their functional implications.

Nature of fractures and their locations :

• Femur and tibia fractures : these fractures can be articular or extra-articular. The best treatment approach will depend on their classification.
• Patella fractures : this type of fracture has two main features ; it represents an intra-articular damage, and it also compromises the function of the knee extensor mechanism.

Evaluation and Diagnosis : each fracture requires a thorough clinical assessment and X-rays. While a standard X-ray may be sufficient in many cases, sometimes further investigation is required, such as a CT or MRI scan, to obtain a detailed view of the lesion.

Surgical and non-surgical treatments : Not all fractures require surgery. However, when necessary, the main goal is to restore the original anatomy. The medical team follows a strict protocol:

• Clinical assessment: initial assessment by a doctor.
• X-ray diagnosis: understanding the extent of the fracture.
• Surgery planning: developing a specific strategy for each patient.
• Surgical intervention: restoring the original anatomy using appropriate techniques.
• Post-operative follow-up: ensuring optimal recovery.
• Rehabilitation protocol: promoting a rapid return to normal function.

Depending on the nature of the fracture, different means of fixation may be required. To limit scarring and preserve the biology of the tissues, minimally invasive surgery techniques are used as often as possible. When a fracture is intra-articular, arthroscopy is sometimes used to ensure that the anatomy is restored accurately.

Special cases :

Patella fractures : these fractures can leave the patient unable to straighten the leg. In such cases, surgery aims to restore the joint anatomy and continuity of the extensor mechanism.

Tibial spine fractures : in these fractures, the cruciate ligaments’ bony attachments are damaged. Their repair is crucial to preserve optimal knee function.

In conclusion, when faced with a knee fracture, appropriate, prompt treatment is essential to guarantee a return to normal function and avoid long-term complications.